- By: Rushna Khan
Child labor refers to the employment of children at regular and sustained labor. It is the full-time employment of children under a minimum legal age. The practice of child labor is considered illegal by many countries and exploitative by many international organizations.
Child labor in Pakistan is prevalent in all sectors of the economy, thought it primarily exists in the informal sector of employment and home-based industry. Pakistan’s high population growth of around 1.6% poses multiple challenges and threatens to constrain limited resources and social and economic development of the country. In late nineties, the matter of child labor emerged as a serious consideration due to international exposure. Even after so much regulations and promises by the government of Pakistan, the attempt has not been successful till now.
Child labor is a complex and multifaceted issue with several critical dimension. Children engaged in labor often work in hazardous conditions that can lead to serious health issues, including injuries, respiratory problems, and long-term physical and psychological trauma. They might be exposed to dangerous machinery, harmful chemicals, or excessive physical strain. Child labor often prevents children from attending school. This lack of education impedes their development, limits future job opportunities, and perpetuates the cycle of poverty. Child labor often involves the violation of children’s fundamental rights. International conventions, like those from the United Nations, outline children’s rights to protection, education, and a safe environment, which are frequently compromised by child labor.
In many regions, child labor is linked with illegal practices and exploitation, including trafficking. Enforcement of laws protecting children can be weak, and in some areas, child labor may be normalized or overlooked due to economic desperation or cultural practices.
The solutions to these issues are that governments should enact and enforce robust laws that prohibit child labor and set minimum age requirements for employment. Laws should also define acceptable working conditions and punish violations. Ensure that all children have access to free, quality primary and secondary education. This can include building more schools, providing transportation, and addressing barriers such as fees or discrimination.
Implement programs that provide financial incentives or support to families to keep their children in school, such as school supplies, uniforms, and meals. Raise awareness about the negative effects of child labor and the importance of education through media, community outreach, and educational programs. Provide rehabilitation services for physical and psychological trauma.
In conclusion, addressing child labor is a multifaceted challenge that requires a coordinated and comprehensive approach that can effectively combat child labor and promote the well-being and development of children worldwide.